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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThomas Eaton Swann Papers, Broyhill, James-BryanFrom the ce of ( J ‘0 POR sass rusty 2, 19 ey WASHINGTON REPORT Congressman: ee Te A Mocs 3 ee De | THE SOth weGIME ROR This is the first in the series of news columns reporting fron Washir about the isporteng: issues the Congress will consider during. ‘the ‘two It is my hope that the columns will contribute te an underatanding. f} people's business is being conducted in the Nation's Capital, : : At the beginning of a Congress every two years, ‘there tee am trative detatis and housekeeping decistons that must be made Before of legislating can begin, Of course, the first act of a new sacl report back late in February and the question of the satin debated again, Earlier, the caucus of the Democratic. mem es ae ft After a recess of several hours, President Johnson. sente legislative program the President will request, It cont in posals for changes in existing prograns and for agy progrens 1 approval of the Congress, On the whole, the President often about both the conception and the administration of many of his "Great. : programs that the Congress enacted during the past two years. ae With all the additional spending for increased military costs in Page 2 - 2/2/67 | | 2 , a ~ for vast new programs at home, a much larger budget could be expected, That was confirmed last week as spending plans of $169 billion were submitted to the Congress. Much of the ‘cit in the Congress during the coming months will con- oi the increase in sebniing of nearly $14 billion and the more than $8 billion of additional deficit that is being predicted for the national debt by July of © 1968, Even these figures include the President's new 6% income tax increase which the President has asked the Congress to approve. During the last ten days, the House of Representatives has been busily - engaged in naming members to its legislative committees, It is the coankttes system in the Congress that is the heart of the law-making process aid until t . committees are organized and can begin to function, the flow of legislation cannot begin. It probably will not-be until the middle of February before the large debates on major issues can start.= At_that time, we will see what the composition of the | new Congress. means in terms of philosophy and the type of laws that will be written during the next two years, ‘It is already clear enough that with the defeat of the so-called "twenty-one . day rule" we already have a strong indication that the 90th Congress will be much | nore independent -minded than‘ the 89th Congress was. This means that the closer balance of the two political parties in the Congress will assure more careful consideration of new legislative programs and of the spending bills which the Con- & ‘ . gress will pass, It is predicted that the White House will exercise considerably less influence than it has enjoyed on Capitol Hill since January 1965, We will | surely see a test being nade of the President's "guns and butter policy." The Congress did not decide last year vhethar'te felt that there should be belt-tighten- ing at home to support the war effort in Viet Nam. This decision is eens and it is likely that the 90th Congress will face the issue more squarely than has been 4 the case on Capitol Hill in the past. various areas of the country. This program has always been controversial and, , each time it has been brought before the Congress, there has been a vigorous debate, As the rent-subsidy program vas originally written, families with incomes of well over $10,000 a year could still come to the Federal government to ask for help dt and presumably receive it. Last year, as a matter of fact, the Department of Housing = and Urban Development strenuously objected to a, move in the Congress to put a $10,000 limit on the income of families to be eligible for the program. In my view, the concept of rent subsidies as it has been voted by the Congress commits the Federal: government to an obligation which it clearly cannot meet in the ® years to come, Those, supporting the legislation last week bepieined that the bill would provide for the Federal government to spend only $42 million in the rent- ; subsidy tees: This was true on the basis of dns year's spending, However, the bill would give to the Department of Housing and Urban Development the dabk to obligate the Congress for far more money than this since the Department would be authorized to enter into 40-year ccntracts. Many of us feel strongly that this kind of long-term obligation should not be undertaken, At least it should not be made until we have the opportunity to explore. the seriousness of the problem and to look at alternatives that have been proposed. For instance, I have joined with a large number of members of the House of Represen- A + tatives and the Senate in proposing a National tome Ownership Foundation. In this bill, it is our intention to stimulate private home ‘ownership among low-income which the Rent- . families instead of perpetuating the Federal handout concept upon subsidy program is based. This would provide a new approach to housing problems and the slum conditions that have developed in our cities, large and small, I am particularly plad that the House of Representatives refused to appropriate funds for the rent-supplement program. As this appropriations bill was debated, it was my hope that the House would also reject the Model Cities program which, again, can lead us into obligations that we cannot fulfill. By a record vote of 213 to 193, efforts to suspend this program were voted down. I am certain, ncvertheless, that. we will have a further opportunity | to debate the merits of this program again later. The debate on this legislation shows the growing seriousness in the Congress toward expanded Federal spending. I doubt seriously that we have reached a point yet where all of the economies that are needed will be made. Nevertheless, the widespread worry ‘of the American people: over our financial policies is being felt in Washington. From the Office of Congressman James T, Broyhill, 1132 House Office Bags» Wash. DC FOR RELEASE: Thursday, ‘ay 25, 1967 oon, WASHINGTON REPORT j by | Congrpasnan James T, sroyhili( : . OBLIGATIONS We have known for some time that the day of reckoning would soon arrive concerning the Nation's spending policy. The costs of the war in Vietnam have mounted steadily afd, at the same time, the costs of new spending on Gre t Society programs at home have resulted in increasing deficits. Last week, the House ‘of Representatives considered a $10 billion appropriations bill that touched ~ upon this problem and, although the questions were not resolved as conpletely as they should have been, the debate indicated a serious and increasing concern about this problem, Very recently, the Secretary of the Treasury has advised the Congress that we can anticipate considerably greater deficits than were foreseen five months ago when the President submitted his budget estimate. At that time, it was pre- dicted that, by June 30th, our deficit would be approximately $9.7 billion. Now, spending igvere have been studied again and.we find that. the deficit at the end of next month will be approximately $11 billion. Looking forward to the next fiscal year, the $8 billion deficit which was predicted last January has also risen to $11 billion with some experts predicting that it may reach as high as $24 billion. As wé look at this problen, it seems to me that we must decide who is being hurt the most. Deficits of this kind usually mean that inflationary pressures are increased, the cost of living rises, and low income families are the first to feel the fact that their income will not go as far or buy as much as it had pres viously. For our older people, the problems: of inflation are always critical end upon Social Security. benefits and savings during their pro~ ® ? since they dep & ductive years. 9 It is because of these situations that many of the Great Society programs which Congress has. approved during the «past three years seehatiy contribute: to more problems than they solve. One of these prograns is related to rent supple- ¢ ments in which the Federal government would help pay the rent of families in various areas of the country. ‘This prorram has always been controversial anc, @ each time it has been broucht before the Conrress, there has been a vi As the rent-subsidy procram as ori ¢inally written, fa * well over $10,000 a year-could stil? come to the federal and presumably receive.it.. Las and Urban Development. strenuously f $10,000 limit on the‘ income of families In my view, the concept of reat y+ commits the Federal covernment to an years to come. ‘Those supporting the would. provide for the Federal government to spend subsidy program, . This was*trve-.on the bill would rive to the Department of Housiny and ® obligate the Congress for far mofe money authorized to enter into 40-ycar ccntracts. a Many of us feel strongly that this kind of long-terr od1t a undertaken. At least it should not 5e the seriousness of the problem and to iso For instance, I have joined with a large number of member tatives and the Senate in proposing a ational ione Own A bill, it is our intention to stinulate private hone own } families instead- of perpetuating the Federal handout } subsidy program is based, yThis would provice a new app and the-.slum conditions that have developed in our cities particularly glad that the House of Representatives refuse the rent-supplement program. As this appropriations Pill wag -debated, jt: as also reject the j‘ocel Cities program which, apain, can, le we cannot fulfill. By a record vote of 213 to 193, ef were voted down. I an certain, nevertheless, that 1 to debate the merits of this program avain later. The debate om this lepislation shows the vrovine seriousne: toward expanded Federal snending. 1 doubt seriously that $0 yet where all of the economies that .are neeced will be made. widespread worry of the American people over our financial p in Washincton. nh f oP WDAY, JUNE 12, 1967 a eeaeeeeeeemeelieneeesenenne eam ee E VIOLATIONS s Conviction ELKS FLAG DAY. . James B — center, was featured s ate at -the annual Flag Day ceremonies held Sunde nday afternoon at Statesville ge. Participating on the program were C. M. Adams, Jr., left, president of North con ha State Elks Association, and Leon Campbell, ‘exalted ruler of the local ¥ From the Office of Rep. James T, Broyhill, 501 Nouse FOR RELEASE: Thursday, November 30, 1967 WASHINGTON REPORT by Congressman | ines Sroyhili ESSENTIAL ‘atte To"s Congress continues to confront problems of varying dimensions 4s legislative schedules bulge during vat was, until recentiv, thought of as the slosing. days of the session, Developments at hore and abroad have squelched adjcurnment plans and the Congress will almost eabtalnis continue on throuch ithe year. Our own vednule difficulties and the unsettling consequences of the wealuakion of the British pound are causing new and urvent requests by the White House to increase income taxes.. As we have discussed in thiis column, the House of Representatives and the President have been deadlocked questions of the country's financial an arement’. On the one hand, the Administwation has beea calling for a-surtax.of at least 10% in order to meet serizus economic problems predicted during the next six months. We are told that a tax inerease is required to prevent the serious inflation that will result from an estimated “ederal deficit of $20 billion. Those of us who.have opposed this tax increase do not deny the urcency 0: our present situation. However, the strong view has developed in the Con- | rm gress that tax increases are not adequate to meet the problem. strong here that there must: be a thorough reassessment of spentine 3 This involves a greater element of expendityre control than we. \ave seen heretr fore. The country has before it the unpleasant choice 2f cutting back many of a oe : i ~ 7 . . . iv3 non-essential’ programs in order to rive priority to those Federal 4. 1vities | which demand first consideration. The war in Vietnam and its rising costs is accounting for a very larve shire of the Federal budget at this time. There is no reason to think that wa will not soar to even higher levels as battlefield requirements increase. long as we have committed Americans to the ficld of battle, we must be willing ’ a to provide them with every resource necessary to complete the mission that ha been assigned to them. the past Several ye main street in the en States, Out of the recent events, there are le brink of bankruptcy, The tax increase proposal is now sched House Ways and Means Committee sentatives will agree to the the President's plan | ae ae a q Congressman James T. Broyhills i) ASANGTDO REPORT March 21, 1968 DEBATE Dissension about the war in Vietnam, pressures on the value of the dollar, and sagging confidence in policies and solutions at home and abroad have compelled the attention of the Nation and the Congress. The country is pausing to sort out ite problems, study alternative courses, and decide its direction for the next four years. Although Washington is the arena for weighing great national issues, the mixing and moulding process takes place in the country's main streets where rank and file citizens chart the future of over 200 million Americans and affect the lives of the several billions of people who inhabit. this planet. Discussed more and more in the cloakrooms here is a problem deeper than any that confront us—=a crisis in self-government. Part of this is stimulated by the Presi- dent's Riot Commission Report in which the blame for civil disorders is placed so strongly on virtually every element of society other than upon the rioters themselves. It can be a very serious affliction if the American people allow themselves to become so guilt-ridden that they can no longer respect or rely upon the processes of govern~ ment that have brought us eo far and so enviably along the road of progress. While no democraty can achieve perfection, the orderly processes in a society such ag ours can assure responsive change so long as power resides in a rational people determined to work for the best interests of al) the people. Rismarck, the German autocrat, once said that in a dictatorship, any fool can govern. [na democ= racy, the self-discipline, understanding of problems, and a will to enhance and pro- tect the best interests of all entails far greater responsibility and patience, Destroying or harming the mechaniem through which our society operates ig the ulti- © mate problem we face today, Advocacy of disorder, neglect, uncencern, and irrespon- sibility damage the stability of the American system even more than unwise legisla- tion or questionable executive decisions, The tangle of events of the past several weeks remind us forceably of this fact and point up at the same time that the need for a national debate of questions before us is of preater importance than the faces in today's political firmament. - mee eee te Among the issues that the House is about to consider is a long-range stucv of automobile insurance. Federal responsibility in this field has been wel! esteb- lished, although the Congresa has not taken mafor action in the field since 1945, Legislation was passed at that time leaving regulation of the ‘nduatry to the States, A There are today broad dissatisfactions being expressed. Mail to the Congress has been heavy with complaints about rates, methods of compensating victims of automobile accidents, allegedly discriminatory practices in selecting drivers to be insured, and the lovg delays in obtaining accident settlements in the courts, Unlike most national probleus, there are few advocates of easy answers in this issue, The number of drivers are increasing by the millions each year. Our crowded highways are the scene of growing numbers of accidents. A short study. of this problem in the Congress last year proved only thet there jis little or no° current information readily. available about the problem, The insurance industry - itself is undecided about what kind of changes ought to be made even though it recognizes the degree of the troubie, For some time, it appeared that the Congress, the Federal Trade Comoission, and the Department of Transportation would jump into simultaneous investigations of the problem, Fragmenting the investigation would not lead to productive results and legislation is now in the final stages in the House of Representatives to center responsibility for such a study in the Department of Trengportation, FuJ] findings and recommendations will not be known for several years. However, this is a hopeful and orderly start in focusing on a problem that progress and public interest demand. : __.Congressman James T: Broyhill's © = DN REPORT 3 ' WASHING! _ - April 18, 1968 WRONGS COMPOUNDING WRONGS The marder and violence of recent days have set a new mark of public tragedy which most Americans vigorously deplore, Certainly, the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King and the mindless civil disorders in many American communities that — followed it have deeply stained this country's honor, That thousands of citizens could rin amok and that a division of troops would be required to restore order in our Nation's Capital has been a shameless example of the blind passion of the mob wmarelated to any legitimate outpouring of grief for a fallen leader. Vrongs have been compounded by new wrongs. It is remarkable that each generation must learn the hard way that disregard for the lav will never insure justice. As men turn their backs on orderly pro~ cesses and mutual respect, only chaos can result. As we look over the blackened ruins of block after block of Washington, D. C., as we talk with the residents of the Nation's Capital, the affect is what we might expect. Violence has driven a greater wedge between our citizens. There is mistrust, and Americans are further divided, Relations between the races are strained, One group blames the other for the problems we have. ‘There has been a wave of emotionalism sweeping the country which makes difficult. the careful and thoughful consideration of the Nation's pro- - blems, The real loser in the violence has been the cause of racial harmony and understanding in the country, Moderate voices and calls to reason are too often drowned out by other voices that call for bloodshed and revenge. Certainly, we have had enough of violence, No injustice is corrected by the destruction of lives and property. Rights, I do not believe, can ever be attained by denying the legitimate. rights of others. If we look carefully at the Civil Rights bill brought befote the House of Representatives last week, we can se@ that -that concept was involved in the so-called "open housing" section of the bill. Legislation of this kind | would deny, in my opinion, the basic rights of property owners to utilize and dispose of their property according to their own wishes, Passing this unsatis~ factory bill in the emotional atmosphere prevailing in the Capitol at the time will not help the cause of race relations or lessen the unfortunate tensions which have’ developed in the country. Under the housing section of this bill, a homeowner could not refuse Co sell or rent a dwelling to any person because of race, creed, or color, religion or national origin, In advertising a home for sale,.it would beconé illegal to indi= ug scate a preference as to the kind of buyer that might be preferred, The bill gives enforcement authority to the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare. This | Federal Department would be responsible for investigating the complaint and. if per- suasion failed, the case could be taken to the Federal Courts. In addition to the fact that this section of the bill vas, in my opinion, confusing, it will certainly be an administrative nightmare that will be very difficult to enforce. The bill exempts the sale or rental of homes if the owner owns three or less dwellings and if the sale or rental is not handled by a real estate broker or agent. Most obser=. ‘ vers, however, feel that the principle of Federal authority is established by this new legislation’and that it will only be a matter of time before the law is extended to all real estate transactions. Apain, we are seeing, an old te the wedge under the door so that it can be driven home later. chnique of getting There were some other*provisions in this lerislation, notably an anti-riot section that I feel can contribute to maintaining law and order, However, the bill was brought before the House of Representatives on a hirh tide of emotionalism at a time the Capitol Building was surrounded by armed troops left over from the riots. In thet atmosphére, the Yhite House proponents of the legislation hoped the bill : could be steamrollered through the House. Their tactics proved successful. Under the rules of the debate, there was no possibility of making any changes in the “Fr bill through amendments. At the very least, the lerislation should have been sub- mitted to a House-Senate Conference Committee in accordance with normal procedures. In this way, more thoughtful deliberation could have been assured, This was parti~— cularly important in view of the extremely controversial nature of the "open % housing" provision. Even\#¥s thoughtful deliberation certainly did not prevail © and the country now has a new law in which the Federal government marches into still another new field. From the Office of Congressman James T, Broyhill, 1020 House esrsee Bldg.» FOR RELEASE: Thursday, June 2, 1966 $a il ith) 82: z fe eae ieee cient by Congressman Janes T, Broyhill © Pai poe iad NM The Minimum Wage bill, one of the major proposals of this Congress, debated and passed by the House of Representatives lest week as three 1 turbulent debate were devoted to hammering out a bill which has been o ss net * ae a Senate for its consideration, This new Minimum Wage legislation has ag vigorous advocates and eq I welll: for oe! thie hielliasadl “Although the vitl; by not includes all of, the provisions that\I would have written dnto i¢ if I hed more equitable and modetate than would have been thé case if the aoe as qtg% legislation that was originally proposed had been adoptiody gee $2 If we —— the eoncalled Fair Labor Standards het " it is interesting tod note that the firet statutory minimum wage was 25 cents an hour in» 2938,° That law. applied to spacer seine exempted. The original lew. provided that one yeat ‘Lenny: n'1989, the would be raised to-30:cente an hour. It included a” BOE wns oor the would be:relned dy aingeyr ae 2 Sangre 40 ents Ter s original enactment. The law also established oentine rates of einmend-on a jumped the rate tm 15 cents to. 41,00; at “ 25. It became effective late - 19685 if “tit! Page 2 = 6/2/66 — * been many millions of employees who have not been covered by minimum wage require- ments, the legal standards have tended to prevail generally because an employee is free to leave low-paying émployment and seek a higher paying job in an industry covere oe by the minimum wage requirements, : The present law covers slightly less than 30 million of the 60 million wage and salary workers in the United States. - There have been good reasons for exempting many of these workers.’ Some of them are, in fact, in occupations where wage rates are already higher than the minimum-wage level, In still other industries, the seaso: Nature of activities do not lend themselves to a requirement of the Federal minimums. For some time, there has been an increasing interest in broadening the coverage of the Fair Labor Standards Act. Those who have argued for this change have pointed out that there is a direct relationship between levels of poverty and the exclusion from the protection of ‘the minimum wage law. Among heads of families employed teed in industries generally covered by the Act, only 5% to 10% have annual incomes under $3,000 in 1963, In industries where employees are partially tovered, the figure rises to 8% to 14%, However, in’those industries where there is little or no coverage by the Federal Minimum Wage Act, the proportions jump from 33% to 49%, It is sobering when we think of the cost in public welfare assistance that is neces~- sary in order to provide necessities for families with such limited incomes. The. choice is not so much whether the minimum wage should be increased and coverage broadened. ' The choice really is how subsistence or better standards of living should be provided and whether it should be through productive work or by unproductive and costly welfare, The question as to whether or not this bill is inflationary is also one which - we considered very‘seriously, Still, we see that the most marked price increases have come in the costs of food, housing, and clothing. Thus, for the low-income family, a reduction in purchasing’ power means a very direct reduction in life's essentials, Those on the lowest rung of the Nation's economic ladder should not be forced to bear the burden of. the spend-thrift policies that are firing the flames of inflation, The new legislation should, in my opinion, have included greater exemptions for farm workers and for some other enterprises which have special problems. However, © it does include provisions which will very largely exempt the family type farm operati . and most small retail(establishments, It will require the large corporate-type farms to pay their labor force according to the Federal minimum, ; The new minimuins under the bill would be $1.40 per hour to be effective in February 1967 and $1,60 per ‘hour in February, 1969. This formula, too, is a compro- mise which stretches out the effective date so that the consequences of the bill on the economy would be spread over two and one-half years instead of the shorter time ete ne gold support of our paper currency, to imioze/® tax pmericn SV PN A 4) . = = ee : ae - bmwerer saree BALANSE OF PAYMENTS On top of ali the other probleme niling ox for the valance of payments. To any Americens, this is to internatione] banking, runs en dur goid supoly nd We know that things have not been soing well that we have not teen living within cur means international ly all this means is teginning to becom more real to ‘merican families. far the jos} Because we are spending more overseas than we sake in hes meant the los of American gold since forelen holders of dollars have demanded gold in accorasnce with long-standing procedures of intermationn) banking. Th nitoojem hes been aggravated by moumting deficit spending at rome even prosperity.® Federai spending for military end lated since 1965 at about the same rate, with by an annual rate of $26.7 billion and non-defens par The percentage in each case is 52%, Deficits are firu billion. Inflation results and confidence in the dol declines, : For the past. several weeks, Coneress haa beer taking sipre look at the 1969 budget requests a2 well as at a droad “ange of legislation relating |to this:issue, Sills are now being studied to remove the ? ~ ‘ c ? Ae ee BD + rA= Overseas , yellirt: outside the Western Herisohere, to Limit American Lave and a tax increase at home, ‘31 of theae things ere Aistasteful. Just bow unpleasant they are will be studied by the Congress and the American neople during the next few months. ; e 2, The gold cover legislation ts already awaiting debate in tae House of Rep- resentatives. Under its provisions, our remaining gold aupply would be pledged to meet international otligations. Today, tere ere $i piliten in Federal Reserve notes circulating in this country. Under the present law, these notes must be backed by gold in’the value of $19.7 billion. If this is maintained, we are left with only $1.3 dillioo to meet our international obligations to buy and sell gold at §35.per owmee, Like many other problems, the situation faces us with An accomiisned fact. The big remaining question is whether this is weak medicine thet does not treat the disease. : oe yI EOC Ty) Woe Kk. may) A CASE OF. THE BLIND. STACCE ee me) OE NN mR RENEE ERR em Benet ne Congressional action has slowed down during the lasi month sot because af a Yack of problems but for mare serious reasons. Jt is true that this Congress churns on with light acheduies. iehind ali thia, however, is a siteation of fare reaching importance to the nation, I refer to the stant-off between the President and the Congress about<the economic policies the country will follew, The argument between the White House and the Congresa sees each waiting for the other to act first. As this atalenate continues, the problem confronting the cont WHOTSL » q 8 interest the Iinter- Far the first Recently, the Congress watched with more than apectater national negotiations that cook the heat cut of the gold cris o1 in gold oversea Ava eoght tat Yhe ract that faction here. time. in many years, the wave of speculate country face-to-face with the proepect of a financtel diss quick action calmed the troubled waters was greeted wtin me) Nevertheless, our problems have not been solved by che emergency plan adopted, Nothing has been done to get. at the cause of the trouble, Wo have only hought some precious time chat. permits vs to etart doing an unpleasant and reces- sary job at home, The primary role in this — debate falls to the Fovse of Representatives, Within the House, attention is focused upon tue of Lita sost important Committees-~~the Committee on Wava and Meana and the Cones ictee on Appropriations, : tof thst WAS What these Committees do In the next several months will determtan sberher we are to have the major changzs in fisea! policy eur problens demand, 71 ths changes are not made, the country will concinue on its present course beset by a case of the blind staggers, : | Congressman James T. Broyhill’s Anril 11, 1968 ETHICS AND CONDUCT Recurring scandals about the behavior of some Merbers of Conrress and Con- eressional ‘employees have resulted in demands for reforms to correct- abuses that have arisen, Certainly, the Bobby Raker case, the investiration of former Congressman Adan Clayton Powell, and the censure of Senator Thomas Dodd have created a cloud of susvicion. Public confidence in the Legislative Franch of eovernment has suffered and moves to deal with this deeply troubline problem have been under- way for sone time, Last week, the Fouse of Perresentatives tool an imrortant sten. to put ite affairs in better order, | Our Constitution and our historical processes lean away from. imposing restraints on members of the Legislative Branch. Instead, we have encourazed inde- pendence so that there will be as few fetterg as possible on the individual speakine for the people of a Conpressional- District in Washington. Both the Youse and Senate have Constitutional authority to judee the heha- vior of their members, In Practice, however, both bodies have been reluctant to. _ use the power, preferring instead for the veople back home to exercise their rieht of censur® at the ballot box, This is the most effective judgment, but there is no excuse for failing to insist that Members of Conrress conduct themselves according to reasonable ethical concepts. It is also no excuse for the Congress to have failed for so many years to have set up standards of official conduct. A year apo, the House established a committee "to recommend as soon as practi- cable such chanpes in laws, rules, and resulations. . .to establish and enforce standards of official conduct for Members, officers, and employees of the Vouse." This committee was entirely non-partisan with an eoual number of Democrats and - Republicans. The bill the House considered last week was the unanimous recommen- dation of the committee, After the debate, the #ouse appreved these recommenda- tions by a vote of 405 - 1, : } ad * a ey ©) | a ei January 25, 1968 SUSPENDED ANIMATION , Last week, the second session of the 90th Congress opened in Washington with - the war in Viet Nam and a host of king-sized problems facing the nation. Even though it contained few surprises, it was the President's State of the Union mess- -age which drew principal attention, Most of the proposals in the message restated requests previously submitted by the White House. In fact, the message seemed calculated not to disturb further the cross-currents and tensions which already exist in Washington between the Executive and Legislative Branches. The President referred to a prevailing mood of "restlessness" in the country. That mood is strongly felt here ae many questions of foreign and domestic policy are being raised and discussed. Certainly, the independence which the Congress asserted last year is sure to continue and to increase during 1968. By all odds, the most spontaneous demonstration by the Congress occurred at the President's mention of the rise in crime and violence in the stregts. This touched the responsive nerve that is felt in every community and by individual Americans. What is to be proposed to meet this painful and many-sided problem was lese reassuring but the high pricrity that this issue holds in the thinking of the American people was established in the Chamber of the House of Represen-~ tatives if, in fact, there was any doubt abeGt it before the President's speech, After careful study of Mr, Johnson's remarks, I share the view of many of my colleagues here that the message failed to assess priorities, Deciding which items must or ovght to come first is still the imponderable issue in Washington, There was a long and impressive listing of national problems and new Federal programs intended.to deal with them. Certainly, the problems are not likely to stimulate arguments, Most ofsthem are plain enough even to the casual observer. The difficulty arises from the proposed solutions, -This is very much like the breadwinner in a family who does not deny the need for life insurance although he insists upon reading the policy before deciding whether it will furnish the -protection he wants his wife and children to have, Actually, the "fine print" we need to read in order to see what is ahead for the Congress will come in mess- ages fhe White House = send to a Hill during the next several months. : The catalogue of legislation ranges bled the exploration of ocean denths to educational television for underdeveloped countries and from a ten-year program for new housing to special medical care assistance for children of the poor. From the Office of Rep. James t Broyhill, 501-House Office Bldg., Wash., D. Cs FOR RELEASE: Thursday, Decembér, 1, 1967 WASHINGTON REPORT t by Congressman James T, Broyhill ADULT EDUCATION Skirmishes in the war about the "War on Poverty" continue ss disagreements persist. However, some other programs dealing with the general problem of poverty are receiving much less public attention and argument. One of these, certainly, is the adult education program which was started back in 1966 as a Federal-State effort to offer basic education opportunities for adults. Last week, the House of Representatives. considered its extension. * The relatively short debate was devoted almost entirely te a discussion of the purposes and accomplishments of the program, There was no dissension and the bill was passed by a vote of 352-0, Every State in the Union is now participating in this program and signifi- cant strides are being made to meet one of the principal causes of poverty. We. can be proud that North heveadiel ven ana at the first and most active of our States in developing this concept of educational opportunity for adults. Tr fact, our State has had during the past. fiscal year almost 17,000 people actively participating in and profiting from this program, If we study the wich tow aki an effort, we are struck immediately by the fact that there are approximately four million people in the United States who cannot read or who have less theh a fourth grade education. There are another 24 million amerp-cone i have had less than 8 years of education and who fall into the so-called "under-educated" classification. Certainly, there are large numbers of Americans who have not had many years ° of formal education and who have been able to obtain, through their own initiative, the training and knowledge they need to find and maintain gainful employment. | ‘Nevertheless, the l&rge proportion of these people have not been so fortunate. Their lack of education stands aS an immense barrier between them and the chance for a better life which would be open to them otherwise. Page 2 -- 12/14/67 ; It is well for more fortunate Americans to realize the frustration, humilia- tion and doubt that can rise in an individual who cannot fill-out an employment 4 application form for himself or read printed in ao that needs to be broken down, There is no doubt that the three-R's are the first es training andthe opening of new horizons for any individual. It is particularly true in this age of :technolorical specializati A generation ago, when the United States depended more large1ysupon farm production, education was often difficult to obtain in many areas of our country. There are many Ame & whose lack of, education has no relationship to their intelligence dn-my opinion, that we assure that opportunities are provided for then. particularly important that we remember these adults in an era when wevthink of opportunity as being necessary primarily for our youth. ~ Our public welfare rolls contain the names of a great number of are unable to help themselves because they lack sufficient education to permit them to take the first steps necessary to obtain the training and skills required for them to become self-supporting. To ignore the needs of these people would only assure a loss of valuable national resources. It would-alse mean that public welfare costs would increase, ‘ - ‘ The adult education program, it seems to me, is a positive alternative to _the essentially unproductive welfare philosophy that has dominated the thinking of this country for too. long. What ought to be temporary assistance often ® becomes a debilitating handout. offering little future and even less hore for personal independence. The self-respecting, productive, tax-paying citizen whe is able to participate fully in the mainstream of our society should be our goal. The investment we make toward this achievement, tapping as the program now intends to do both public and private resources, will mean ar investment in a better tomorrow for all Americins. & | ‘ e From the Office of Rep. Jae T. Broyhill, 501 House Office Bldg. Wash,, D. ¢. FOR RELEASE: Thursday, Decenber 21, 1967 - MASHINGTON REP@RT a by « Coneressman James T, Kroynill - éZ SESSION ENDS Tying up loose ends of legislation kept the House in lone debates last.week bie ° ag the rush toward the adjournment of Congress octupied all attention, The proportion of these matters concerned how much money ought to be approved for specific programs. Since the unfinished business was often controversial, bates were vigorous and disagreements between the House and Senate delayed « action on some legislation until the last hours of the session on Friday. It was not until the eve of adtournrent that apreenent sas reached on the e money bill for the foreign aid program. This has been one of the nost hard-fous! measures of the entire year and the stron; feelings about it in the House o Representatives reflect a serious national concern about weer | the country can rerine or should pour out funds for proprams overseas in view of the cther stay; financial obligations facine the country, 2 The bill as sent tq the ite ‘louse is manv nilliors of dollars less President had recommended for foreipn aie spendiny, As a matter of fact, th < President's budget requested 33.3. billion. However, the House approved -appro- priations of $2.19 billion while the Senate was nore generous in its approval of $2.7 billion. As a res sult of the effort to reach a conpronise, a House- Senate Conference Comnittce recommeaded $2, 3 billion. Last. Thursday, the | demanded further cuts as it refused to arree to the comrro:ise proposal, o . disagreenent sent the Conference Comittee bac!. to: work with-a another $20 million was elisinated, Huge outlays fn foreign aid funds abroad have helped bring about the pres sent crisis that threatens the stability of the dollar fh the intemational money market. At least part of the concentfated attack on foyeten aid was an effort to deal with this situation, Certainly, in my opinion, these cuts vere justified and should have bken made, Nevertheless, they doJnot pet to the root s =a of the basic problem. To do this requires a reevaluation and major reform of the aid program so that we can be far more certain that dollars spent abroad to assist other countries are being spent wisely for tie development and security of the United States position and the Free World in general, It is for this reason } . that I opposed the aid bill and will continue to oppose legislation of this type until the needed reforms are made, Te final days of the session. also saw action on the Elementary and Secon- dary Education bill. It is most inflodtupete that this legislation had removed from it some of the safeguards that had been added by the House df Representatives. Chief among these was some protection for loch school beleeds fron arbitrary actions by the Federal Office of Education, I have very serious reservations about che-suanenent” of the Federal Aid to Education concent. However, if we are going to have the program at all there needs tO be assurance that the Federal government. will not act dapricioisly against local school boards in order to force its will upon then. We must also assure that there is a orderly process of judicial review - abece tha interest of school boards of State Education programs. me In addition, the end of the session Saw approval of the Social Security bill in a form closer to the House version than to that which had been approved by the Senate, _ Assuming that the President will sien this legislation, the | additional benefits provided by the new: Social Security bill will be first pay- able for the month of February 1%8 and will. be reflected in checks received : by retired and disabled persons early in March. Each time a Social Secueity increase bill is passed, manv of our older veterans find their relatively small pensions have been reduced bv more than the increase oroeiael i their Social Security checks. This is clearly unfair to ‘these older and disabled veterans of past wars and the Congress pledred some in ago that legislation would be provided for veterans pensions as soon as the final terms of the Social Security lepislation were approved, Such legislation was approved by the House although it must still be considered by the Senate next year. Because of widespread interest in this question, I will be vlad to furnish a detailed explanation of the House-passed billito anyone requesting it. Tew ¥ Ped m i ; % 8 k i 1 a rary \ 2 ; s 1 ‘ é } f 4 ‘ 4 % s } y amrenne te , } Rut o ; 5 , ‘ , t * ; rw if Neb a Tb ec, \ Paw ’ e349 . \ 7 #4 5 i ; i é % . } ? i f { } 4 ; ‘ i ‘ ' <4 [in é . 4 ‘ Neue we 8 = | a hee te ‘cane af ‘ wt wo ee —w } a Fabvuaé “ ¥ . OF SST T r 7 Buying on credit hax becee A normal anc | resvecte Pact \ an con aumers, In fact, consorer cre tit. s.ace .y is Srews: Pik : LLMs! - ¥ ’ ‘ es 8 - $96 billion today. . The Largest jainele item cpasiate Seer S 1. pists {ng for the purchase of autre tis, Over offered to American faniiies ‘aa ‘ther soucht th aaxe purcoaees fo mous rymen systems. Because of the variety of theae plana, trere nay be an iacreaetne ts strong movement for sove uniformity in adv air asers 4} ren t of this credit. Last week, t7e fase of Reorrse g doanside meu a 1 legislation in this fied¢ atcer three days of cA i! te bx a oa, : b In the discussion of this bill, 4¢ was peated our that America ae are paying approxinately S13 ot lijom tm ances 1h ane e ‘ > credit. This figure is about the;same as Cie wuerrert which Cu Nar iay “ove on the national deot. : 2 ‘ Those sponsoring the legisingion contenan. U! 4 1: ra ‘ mer to compare credit charces amcowe the Vartche plana chat: may be aval.a ey “im and to make a careful choice, Various tvnes 0: aux. ¢ Y Yate iyi seritce cnarees are used by some creditors which permif fuem to cuore a Lower race of (nterest while the loan actually yields a somewhat oighet “ep. Moat creditcr a Fy) information to the borrower about what the om will ba Sriti : en shown that a very few lenders purge ave the borrower about what che avoval rats 4 it thay bok It is unfortunate chat some Gi. those who cave alscussea Talk oe ' have 1¢ the impression that the need oor fce 1.9) ar . oe Ystiba's cretit industry for real or imagtuec ungcrunulour cr ga. i. This r “re . since those offering credi{. provide vaiuads. ar > sdeac Services, NON & + OUI entire economy depends, There ara, mevertis.est. Ary em A ik wast e that need attention and this leyt*. action issves. . The bill in no way controls credit OF. ‘ekerest rates. exce har borrowers can have a clear picture oi ehe ancux. rete thes will pay if creeSpnter - into a credit agreement, ‘No reputadie fine Lo | toy toe sess * {ts customers or to evade givire eich lepitat interest rates, Ae this dedate deve ped, vow opinion about how information sf tits bin divulged to the customer, Thia ares cig? "revolving credit" plans which arc ore iiuie: | nee ; most of these practices, a custcret 15 not, ; 30 to 60 days after he makes 2 nue, Ne ‘ time, a rate of something on ch odes rf If. this rate of interes:< ty extsised overs of mately 18% of the unpeid balance The ane . terest rate should be expressed or a nontoay 90 4 ’ interpretatton 9° fefiess icvsis tai thie | usually palc up in jess tiaa ofe Pate Alte ¥ . the rate 2tould te divulged in ifs) annaar < ph disturbing agnect of this whet qué or thet racketeers and che crifie syncf..co 2 a bey - they lave found to bes Lucrative ge OT ehat reosen, an amendment wer aduen to qace tha asi pra! kat ate ane to Jend monev.in interatat: “.yoerce t fest ki Vavagl under the laws of the Stare tan-weidh tue franca tion C1eeas ms ae the Federal governuert. in wartner gis ei caf oe loan sharking and to deny ety eg. tie ) = From the Office of Rep. James T, Broyhill, 1132 House Office Bldg., Washington, DC FOR RELEASE: Thursday, February 16, 1967° WASHINGTON REPORT Congressman i T. Broyhill | NEW DEBT None of the difficult problems confronting the country today is ieee important | or more vital-to the future of the nation than the financial soundness of the United States government, That question was being debated last week as a bill to increase the national debt by $6 billion was considered. There are sharp differences of opinion about the financial base of the-eountry today. However, the real question concerns ‘the direction we ‘are going and whether we should reassess our policies now, It is my belief that our policies have not been prudent and that the conse- quences of our failures are deeply affecting the nation. In a time when war costs are high and may increase even more, restraints on government spending at home are essential, | Instead, selene, we have vastly increased spending and have made even vaster commitments for new outlays of money. 4 Actual figures about spending are often befogged by baffling information. Financial juggling has reached such a high-art in Washington that even the most well qualified experts have difficulty understanding it. the natidnal debt, however, — * gives us some idea of the financial condition of our government, It tells us how much more we are spending than we are taking in through all the taxes and other forms _ of Federal revenues which the American people pay. A number of years ago, the Congress enacted legislation saying, in effect, that the national debt could exceed $285 billion, ~ We still refer to this “as the "permanent" national debt limit. Since that time, Congress has repeatedly and rather hypocriti- cally authorized so-called "temporary" debt limit increases although no one seriously — expects the temporary increases to be temporary. During the past several years, the debt limit has been increased 12 times and it is now $40 billion higher than it was in 1960. Now, the Treasury Department tells us that it must borrow $8 billion more during the next four’and one-half months. The present legal debt limit is $330 billion and the Treasury is calling for a debt of $336 billion with $2 billion note to be borrowed through a new and highly questionable gimmick, This money is needed Page 2 - 2/16/67 : so that the Federal government can pay its obligations between now and the end of June, The deeply disturbing aspect of this debate is the casual assumption that the * e r “| Congress will jump in obedience when the button is pushed hy the lhite House, How- a : ever, there is increasing concern about the problems involved, ~The management of the debt. is becoming increasinrly difficult, With'it, there a is a deeply troubling effort to scramble and distort figures and to find loopnoles ° and escape hatches sp that the debt will appear to be lower than it actually is. There may be some short-term advantage to 111 this. However, the indehtedness refain: in spite of all the attempts to conceal it, The main loophole ‘that has been opened is through the sale of the so-called "narticipation certificates," Two billion dollars is to be raised through this pro- cess where the government sells sHares in the outstanding obligations it holds. this” program was opposed. by many of us last year when it sailed through Congress with record speed, The "marticipation certificates" propram offers hich interest rates to investors. who baie no risks whatsoever, It has. been a windfall to large investors, It has driven up interest rates in the morey market ‘and has seriously damaged the ; availability of credit at reasonable interest rates to private citizens, homebuilder, ‘and business, Most of ail, however, it has webride a formula whereby the Treasury | can mislead the Congress about trends ir spending and budgetary controls and how much ' we really owe, The borrowinp the governnent does through the sale of these instru- ments is not computed as part of the national debt. As more of these certificates are dumped into the nation's money market, the scone vit! fee] new shock waves this Spring and during’ the succeeding ronths. The additional $8 billion will not last lone and. we are already told that the Treasury will be back for more in a few months, The Secretary of the Treasury state’ Pe) that if-the legis lation was not approved, there was "a possibility of econoric and monetary derangement," I opposed this bill because I feel strongly that by passite it we have increased the possibility of serious economic troubles. The bil] was approved by a narrow vote, but I hope that the next time this issue arises, we wil i. 1 ; \ Pe deal with the cause of the trouble rather than Salving over the symmtons. 1 ’ Congressman James'T. Broyhill's MASHAGTON REPORT Room 501, House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515 October 31, 1968 & STOMACH: ACHE apo, at oe 90th Congress stumbled to a close a short time of the Congress may cio) vear, evaluations of the success or failure settles aus thie Phasia ased on partisan considerations, Still, as_the dust ba hin fax ac ent makes his decisions about the last of the bills sent Souatoes Seiad ” can attempt some insights about the trends that this -ed and stopped, a a sai bate-teaed statistics that are not controversial. For teat 3 ’ : ssior? of Congress was unusually busy almost continuously since 9 15, As a result, there are more than 325 new public laws resulting fron.the nore than 20,000 bills and resolutions introduced. « These proposals covered a vast variety of subject material and it is probably merciful for the country that most of them died in some legislative committee without consideration, : The formal debates of the House ‘of Representatives Fill 32,077 pages of the Congressional Record, However, the printed record of the session is much greater 1 in thé Committee hearins and reports. since tens of thousands of .pages are four 1 administrators and These will be left behind as an historical record for Federa courts to study as question& arise about what Congress actually had in mind when At passed a partteular pleee of leytstation, % : ‘ i Nosh wndy heii bhile heids ob Vssiaps ail igi [hee whi inne dy jral tioan tabpbemey we are to try tol valuate (he [t has often been a tense and bad-tempered one. tive of shocking events which quality of what was done, we must look at the perspec deeply disturbed the nation --- the war in Vietnam bogging down into a stalemate, the fierce debate about the. justification for the war, increasing civil disorders and riots, the coming and gaing. of Resurrection City, international financiad crises for the dollar, the assassinations of Martin Luther King and Senator Robert | -Kennedy, challenges to American leadersh Lp of the world, and the unexpected with- drawal of President Johnson as a candidate for re-election. On balance, the mood of the 9Uth Congress was very different from that which prevailed in the 89th Congress from 1965 to 1967. In those years, the Federal government noved boldly into more and more aspects of American life. The Presi- dent requested and the Congress complied with bill after bill granting authority for Washington to conéeive, finance, and manage vast new prograns. lew Federal time since the Depression agencies in those years were set up faster than at any years of the New Deal. | In many of these new prograrfs, even those who gave them their most ardent support admitted that. they were not well thought-out. The costs currently and in the future were only dimly considered, Whether there might be better ways to approach and deal with a problem did not always seen ‘important. No effort was made to establish a*system of priorities. In the 90th Conrress, this optimism laryely disappeared and the past two years have been conpared to a long “morning after." In spite of record appropriations, the Congress lias not provided anything. more than a bare fraction of what it would One of the great dif fi- cost to carry many of: the new prorrams into full aqtion. culties of the past two vears has been a reluctance to do what is eventually going to have to be done -=- separatiny, the frills from the desirable and the desirable ms to face, from the essential, These are the priorities that the Congress see grumbling and unwilling. — The American people, after a full nattonal debate.on the tax bill and expendi~ ture control, sense what has happened and the 90th Congress has ‘left Vashington 4 reflecting the current mood that. the care and feeding of the Federal government from which we must be changed if we are to get rid of the very bad stomach ache are now suffering. ' . NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE ongressman James WASHAGTON REPORT 2 Room 501, House Office Building. Washington, D.C. 20515 October 10, 1962 ~ : = -y Attention on Capitol Hill last week was riveted on the Senate's bitter debate for Chief Justice of the Supreme on the President's nomination of Justice Ahe Fortas Court.. However, on the House side of the Capitol, thinrs moved alone with more bills, big and small, discussed and finalized, In spite of the progress made, the log-jam is still not broken and the adjournment of Congress remains sone time away. ; Invitation to Crime - Anong the bills surfacing throurh the melee of the last phases of the session were several pieces. of legislation in which I have been particularly interested this year. ~One dealt with the prohibition of the mailing of master kevs for auto- mobiles intended to operate ignition switches, door locks, and trunks, opinion, For some time, the availability of such keys for sale has been, in my 1 motor an open invitation to criminal behavior, makine it relatively easy to stea vehicles. In fact, advertisements appearing in nationally-circulated magazines offered an assortment of such keys guaranteed to open any and all models of ponu- lar makes of automobiles for a very small price. We can grant that lo clubs may have a legitina re auto dealers, parking lots, and automobile e need for these keys. However, their wholesale avail- ability is very questionable, indeed, I have felt that, with certain linited exceptions, this traffic ought to be curtailed, The House bill tightens un the traffic in master keys in the mails, although it provides reasonable authority for the Postmaster General to make exceptions for lesitimate purposes. The new legis- lation also limits the use of the mails to advertise the sale of master evs. Meglect of Responsibility In still another overdue action, the House of Representatives anvroved legis- lation that we hope will insure the integrity of the-Federal employees retirenent fund, Since most Federal employees are not covered by the Social Security system, they must look to’their own Federal system for retirement benefits, Although the Federal workers have made their contributions to the fund as required by law, the goverment has not contributed its share and it is time that ‘the facts be faced. The present condition of the fund shows that it has a current unfunded lia- bility of more than $55 billion, At the present rates of payments, it will have exhausted its balance by 1937. .Certainly, this is an exannle of Federal neclect of responsibility since it has failed to make provisions to nay a just obligation, Under the system we are adopting now, we are taking some difficult first steps that should have been taken. many years ago, : Mission of: Our Schools The most confusing skirmish of the week occurred in the final discussion of the huge Appropriations bill«providing money to operate: the Department of ilealth, Fducation and Welfare and the Department of Labor, Although there were many areas’ of disagreement, the biggest was about the Federal government's desire to dictate / to tre States and local communities on questions of primary and elementary education, Many of us have predicted this process as the price of Federal aid to lgcal schools and we can regret that the predictions are all too true. The, issues of “bussing students, the denial of reasonable freedon of choice in schools to attend, and the whole issue of whether education ought to be controlled by a bureaucratic Czar in Washington needs analysis and sober study so we see clearly where our schools are going and what mission we are assigning then. Some safeguards were finally pro- vided by the Congress in this bill and I favored them, Nevertheless, I feel sure that the Federal Office of. Education already knows how to get around the saferuards so that it can continue its efforts to plav an even greater role in the management of our schools. T GOVERNMENT EXPENSE ~ . Room 501, House Office Building, Washiengeo®0).€909515 Se PREVENTIVE ACTION Although matters of great national importance occupy both Washington and the American people, the problems of progress also continue to challenge the Congress, Attempts to solve these problems before they develop into full-scale issues must b given priority. One such matter concarns a bill passed by the House for the aba ment of aircraft noise and sonic booms, ° No one questions the right of planes to use air space, As a matter of fact, — aviation has become an essential part of our system of national transportation, There has always been some noise and disturbance caused by the flight of aircraft In the last few years, however, the advent of jet engines and the increasing numbe of planes in the air have required new safety rules and regulations by government _ at all levels, Only in this way caa order and public safety be maintained, . Me We are about to take another giant step forward as commercial aircraft are veloped to fly faster than the speed of sound, Military planes have been flying at supersonic speeds for a number of years they have provided us with some experience about..the unpleasantness and the~actual physical damage that can result from sonic booms. _— [ : | : We need to know a great deal more than we do about how sonic boons affect | animals, and structures, This new legislation would encourage such studies and re~ quire the Federal Aviation Administration to prescribe standards and rules that are binding upon aircraft manufacturers, commercial airlines. and professional pil that this problem can not only be fully understood, but dealt with effective: } This is a needed first step to assure that, by the time supersonic aircraft are flying commercially, we will have the tools we need to protect both the general ~_. Public and aircraft industry, 4 ) Congressman James T. Broyhill's SHNETON Re Room 501, House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515 ie June 13, 1968 ; CRIME The murder of Senator Robert Kennedy has shocked and deeply distressed all Americans, It has also stimulated a new wave of self-analysis in the country, This act of barbarity snuffed out the life of a-young father and a leading figure in our national processes. It is another step in the descent into violence that we have witnessed during recent years. In fact, this irrational act assaults the right of free elections, It is a challenge to one of the basic institutions _Of our-democracy, It was a coincidence that the House of Representatives was pre- — paring to consider anti-criwe legislation when Senator Kennedy's murder occurred, The sense of outrage felt by the American people provided an impetus to the final passage of the legislation. This. action sent the legislation to the President without further delay, The decision by the House last week cut through a bramble of red tape by accepting the Senate's version of the anti-crime legislation, In another form, the bill had been passed last Aurust by the House. However, the Senate completed its action on the bill only @ short time ago. The Senate bill was much more com plicated and dealt with a greater range of subjects than the House bill, In fact, it included several controversial sections which might have killed the entire pro- posal if it had been referred to a House-Senate Conference Committee. It was with this possibility in mind that the House accepted the Senate's provisions by the overwhelming vote of 368-17, 7 ‘A nation beset with outbreaks of crime and violence must take active steps to restore order and respect for law, In seven years, our population has increased by 10% yet crime hae rigen by an alarming 88%, During 1967 alone, the increase in crime is the grentest since the countfy has been keeping crime statistics. A fundamental resnons':4 lity of governnent is the maintenance of order and the * protection of livcg@ iis] pronerty. It has been said that freedom without order is chaos and order wit’ or: traedom is tyranny, The ideal of any democracy is to strike a baisece betaven ciese extremes so that there-~can be a climate for progress in the achievort of human aspirations, Every choughtful American today would agree that the nation is not achieving this balance, 4 I. Congressman James T. Broyhill's WASHINGTON REPORT Room 501, Hotse Office Building. Washington. D.C. 20515 June 6, 1968 SKIRMISH BEFORE THE BATTLE -The most debated issue before the Congress today is the President's repeated request for a 10% surcharge increase in income taxes. In’fact, there has been so much talk about it for so long that it almost seems that the country is being softened up to accept the new taxes without argument. Last week saw another skirmish in this continuing debate as the House of Representatives tock un one of the important by-products of this .discussion,. ’ ; : Certainly, there has been no argument that the Federal government is spending much more than it is now collecting in revenues even though we have hiph incus- trial production, high employment, high taxes, and high prices. The result is that the government must borrow more and more money to pav its bills, Around Washington there-has been a belief that deficit financing can be managed and that the government can do pretty much as it pleases since it prints’money, That theory is being put to the test now. and it is clear that the gimmicks of finan- . cial sleight-of-hand will not work muci longer. Thi- is a drumbeat of acvice = from here and abroad that the United States government is going to have to live within its means or suffer very serious consequences. Balance of payments questions, gold buying panics overseas, confidence in the dollar and many other complex matters are involved in this situation, Beyond these mirky economic matters, hovever, aré results that reach into every family and are readily understandable, Price increases comine from inflation at home, the pros- pect of more taxes, and the serious threat of economic recession are patt of a gloomy picture that confronts the American people. Legislation now before the Congress would combine the 10% surtax increase with, a $6 billion cut in spending. Controversy arises not only about the tax increase, but also the spending cut. Last week's action‘was a kind of dress rehearsal test- ing whether the House of Representatives would yield to strong pressures from the White House to reduce the spending cut from the $6 billion recommended on Capitol Hill to the $4 billion which the President insists is the preatest reduction that can be made, Room 501, House Office Building, Washington, D.C, 20515 May 23, 1968 REHABILITATION The boldest headlines these days are reserved for vast new demands for welfare _ payments and guaranteed annual incomes, These demands come at 4 time when the nation's financial ledger spills over with red-ink entries and requests for more and new Federal support continue to pour in, ‘12 government's response about how — it can best help with the problems of the poor is too often along predictable lines. The philosophy of bigger payments in the form of welfare checks still dominates : much of the official thinking in Washington, There is too little thinking about productive alternatives even though there are some good precedents, In recent days, the House of Representatives passed legislation dealing with a program that has been around so long and has become so non-controversial that its ° movement through the Congress goes virtually unnoticed, Nevertheless, there is much we can and should learn from this Vocational Rehabilitation program, We can, I believe, translate much ofthis experience from disabled people to people who are jobless or without skills to compete for available employment, The Vocational Rehabilitation program stretches back over the last 48 years and although it has been enlarged and made more effective, the central idea has remained unchanged, Through it, physically and mentally disabled people whose disability interferes.with their finding jobs are-given training for work they can do to support themselves, ee From the beginning, the program has been a joint effort of the Federal and State governments and, by 1943, all States and territories had programs in opera~ tion, A total of 2 million people have been returned to useful work through these efforts, In 1967, more than 173,000 disabled persons were helped to live fuller and more productive lives although their disabilities could well have made life-long cripples of ‘them, dependent upon public assistance or their families, Many of these, 18,000 in fact, ranked as mentally retarded, This figure was 16 times greater than the number helped only ten years ago. Even though these are cold statistics, they are impressive. What they con- vey in human terms, however, is far more impressive, The self-supporting indivi- dual, secure in the knowledge that he can look after himself, begins then to assume the full obligations of citizenship, In the case of the mentally retarded, this often means the difference between sitting out a lifetime of dependency and . making a positive contribution to society. wanker Congressman J ames T Broyhill's Room 501, House Office Building, Washingtoh, D.C. 20515 | May 16,).1968 THE NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION ACT Few events have shaken up Américan education as thoroughly as the Russian success with its Sputnik satellite, One result was a new look at’ the future needs for highly trained and educated young people to meet the technological challenge of the space age, Out of this came the passage of the National Defense Education Act ten years ago, Since then, the system of student loans, grants, and work-study programs in this legislation has been a solid achievement. Last week, the House of Representativeg approved the continuation of the Act for another two years, The heart of the program lies in the student loan provisions which are adminis- tered by the participating colleges and universities. The educational institutions themselves determine which students are qualified to participate and there has been little or no criticism about the fairness in which they have carried out these responsibilities, As of next June 30, 1,738 schools will have extended loan assistance to 2 million students. With costs of education beyond high school increasing sharply, it becomes a! more and more difficult for many parents to pay for the college education of | their children, A college education was once limited to the children or the well-to-do, However, as a national policy, we are increasing opportunities for bright children, regardless of personal resources, to develop their talents through more education beyond high school. Such policies are not only good for the young people of the country; they are urgently. necessary to maintain and increase the momentum of the nation's progress, More education and greater skills will be demanded of our children than has been the case in our lives, _ The tegislation passed by the House of Representatives last week also con- tinues the College Work-Study Program which has its purpose the stimulation and promotion of part-time employment of students who need to work in order to help themselves. Under this program, an estimated 35% of the students receiving assistance have come from families whose annual incomes are less than $3,000. The formula under which this program operates requires both Federal funds and money provided by the educational institutions themselves. The final vote on this legislation, 349-5, indicated overwhelming and bi- partisan support. In my opinion, this action strongly reaffirms a program that has served the national interest well, The Congress is also clearly assigning the program a high priority in these days when Federal spending activities need to be carefully weighed and cémpared in terms of their relative essentiality. During the course of the debate, provisions were added to this bill to deal, at least in part, with the shameful disruptions of college campuses by small and willful groups of dissident students who seem to be more interested in closing some of our colleges and universities than in getting an education, The chaos that some of these incidents have caused on-some campuses interrupts the education of a vast majority of the students in attendance and, in my opinion, should not be tolerated, Some of these rebellious students are being assisted by the American taxpayer through loans and grants made available through the National Defense Education Act programs, Supporting those who persist in this kind of behavior is not the intent of this legislation. An amendment added to the bill states that "no part of the. funds authorized. . « shall be made available....for the benefit of any individual who, at any time.... ‘willfully refuses to obey a lawful regulation of the university or college which he is attending when such willful refusal is certified by the appropriate university or college authority to have been of a serious nature and contributed to the disruption of university or college administration.” The amendment makes clear that it does not intend to deny legitimate rights of dissent by stating that it "should not be construed to limit the right of any student to verbally express his individual views and opinions." How much this will help clear the air on American college campuses we cannot say, However, it is a reasonable and needed step in dealing with the sorry spectacles of recent months. (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) ee. 10 - Congressman Jamés'T. Broynilrg"™ Room 501, House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515 - November 14, 1968 CHANGING THE GUARD The great national dialogue has ended and the American people have decided ut who is to lead the nation for the next four years. Although the inaugurae on of the next President ‘will not take place until January 20, the time betweett > and ~~ will be.occupied by the busy and complicated process of changing — e guatd, One of the most outstanding strengths of our system of government is its. flexibility in the transferring of power from one Administration to another, The processes of government must continue without interruption and it 1s among the best traditions of the country that partisanship is laid aside and full coopera=- tion is given. Already, the Administration of President Johnson is gearing itself to assure that the reins of government will be handed to the new Nixon =~ Administration with a minimum of disruption. a : There is a general‘sigh of relief in the Nation's Capital that the election of the President: was not thrown into the House of Representatives for a decision. If this had happened, there would have been many weeks of uncertainty ds to who our new Pregident might be or in what direction the country might go. In these days when stability of leadership in the United States is essential for the security of the:free world, the election of the President by the House could) have had very grave consequences. : ” ~ The many unsettling events of 1968 have had a profound effect upon the American people, particularly as they have emphasized weaknesses in the details of our political institutions, Plans to correct these weaknesses will receive very high priority.in the next Congress, There can be no doubt that a most — searching study will be made concerning the selection of Presidential candidates, The national convention system has been the object of dissatisfaction, Proposals for national. primaries whereby political parties can choose their candidates for the Nation's highest office will surely receive detailed and earnest attention, Moves are already underway proposing changes in the Constitution to provide more direct elections of our Presidents and Vice-Presidents, There are many who believe the Electoral College should be abolished and elections should be a conducted on the basis of the popular vote in the same way that all other elections are decided, Still, there are a number of arguments against this proposal and they deserve serious consideration, I will discuss some of these issues in detail in my Washington Reports early next year. Also of great importance, I feel, is the need for reform in the Congress itself, Many of the procedures aye antiquated and do not reflect 20th century thinking, Toward the end of ike desk, pressures mounted to take up legisla- tion intended to provide changes in the operation of the Congress. The rush ~ toward adjournment prevented consideration of this legislation. However, there is no doubt that it must be given priority early next year. a Another reform which will be studied next year involves the huge and conf jungle of Federal aid programs that has grown up over the past several years. this point, no one in the Federal government is fully aware of how all these programs operate or even how many such programs there are. Under these circum- stances, neither Congress nor the Executive Branch is in any position to evaluate the need or the effectiveness of the programs. We can only be sure that the estimated $20 billion they are spending each year involves massive overlapping and duplication that is burdening the American taxpayer without providing any real assistance. The new Congress and the new Administration must deal with th issue at the earliest pessible time. THIS WILL BE, THE LAST OF THE CURRENT SERIES OF WASHINGTON REPORTS. THE REPORT WILL BE RESUMED WilEN THE 91ST CONGRESS RE-ASSEMBLES IN JANUARY. (NOT PRINTED Al GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 2 Fe. r Congressman James T. Broyhill’s q VACCINES IN II Room 501. House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515 2 October 24, 1968 A QUESTION OF EMPHASIS , ~~ In August, when the louse of Representatives considered the gun bill, numerdus efforts to include registration and licensing were defeated by decisive votes. This legislation was, in fact, largely rewritten during the debate. In essence, it sought to help states enforce their laws in this field and to make sure that minors, felons, indicted persons, drug addicts, and mental defectives could not purchase guns. Its stated purpose was not to place undue or unnecessary burdens on law-abiding citizens for hunting, trapshooting, personal protection, and any other lawful activity.. : When certain safeguards were written into the bill in the House, I voted for it. One part of the House bill I thought particularly important was a require= ment that there be mandatory conviction of 5 to 10 years for anyone using @ gun to commit a Federal crime, Under this provision, no court could suspend such a sen= .tence and the penalty would not be allowed to run concurrently with a sentence for another crime. This one provision I felt was one of the most important anti-crime actions we would take. It-would have put the emphasis on the criminal, where it belongs, Sure and certain punishment is one of the best deterrents to crime. Unfortunately, after the Senate finished with the bill, the final version struck out the mandatory sentences for criminals, Instead, we again had legisla- | tion that seems more interested in protecting the criminal rather than protecting the rights of the law-abiding citizen. As the bill is now written, far too much power is placed in the hands of the Secretary of the Treasury. I feel strongly that this bill casually sweeps away many. of the carefully drawn ‘safeguards: that were in the legislation as passed by the House and I regret that it was not rejected by the Congress in the final hours of the session. For many years, proposals for strong Federal gun control laws have been made in the Congress. This year, it appeared that the assassinations of Ifartin Luther King, Jr. and Senator Robert Kennedy might stampede the Congress into hasty and ill-advised action, Federal registration and licensing was the heart of this plan, ee I have vigorously opposed both registration and licensing because they would deprive law-abiding citizens of their legitimate rights without curbing crime or the criminal; In one of its last acts, the House of Representatives approved a gun bill with which I seriously disagree. It seems to me that this new legisla~ tion goes in the wrong direction. There are many who say that a significant victory was achieved: when the- President's plan for Federal licensing and registration was rejected by the Congress. The issue of licensing and registration was, indeed, unacceptable. In my opinion, those who supported such a plan presented emotional arguments that some- how the Federal government could prevent crime if all guns were registered from Washington. All of us wish to meet the threat of crime and to ‘abolish the lawless- ness that. has sickened the nation. However, the gun licensing and registration plan would certainly not abolish crime, nor do I believe would it get in the way of the criminal who intends to use firearms to commit crimes, Registration and licensing would put the Federal government in a completely new role where its legal authority is questionable. Soe i Regardless of the matter of authority, this plan would require the Federal government to establish a huge police force of the kind the American people have always rejected, and for good reason, Even more important, the plan would, interfere with the rights of law-abiding citizens to purchase, possess, and ‘use Pape ing guns for legitimate purposes, ; . NOT-PRINTEO AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) a From ‘the Office of Rep. James T, Broyhill, 1020 House Office Bldg., Wash,, D.C, POR RELEASE: Thursday, October 20, 1966 a WASHINGTON REPORT by Congressman James T, Broyhill The Problem of Cities As -adjournment fever mounts, an increasing: Volume of legislation is being poured out for better and for worse, “Among the major bills last week was the Demon- stration Cities and Metropolitan Development bill which has been a priority item in - the Administration's legislative program this year, The deepening prob lens of haathens cities are generally recognized, Two-thirds of our citizens reside in metropolitan areas, either in a central-city of in a subur- ban Satellite, Economic and. social blight in some of our cities.cast such a para- ‘ _, ketic pall that only further deterioration seems likely, As the process continues, ‘al : the problems multiply. Certainly, the question in the legislation last week invol vec no basic argument about the seriousness of the issue, There were, however, sharp differences of opinion arising about the contents of the legislation and how it woulk deal with the problem, | ‘ 1 What was proposed is a nine-point program that has as its stated purpose the coordination’ and increasing of existing Federal programs with many additional pro- visions "to ‘abzove the conditions of urban life." The demonstration cities effort, according to its sponsors, "would make it possible for cities of all sizes and in all sections of the country to undertake such a program." There has been an urgent need for the effective coordination of the scores of . Federal programs operating to assist urban areas, Without doubt, better coordina- tion would mean more effective results. However, the over-all promises and their by-products in this legislation require us, I believe, to examine more deeply both the disease and the sell ch being prescribed before embarking upon new and ques- a tionable Federal commitments that cannot be ful filled, We have seen these same ex- pansively optimistic tendencies before in such legislation as the Federal rent sub- sidy program and the plan for great infusions of Federal aid for public transport a- tion in urban areas, ° This legislation, for instance, would include $12 million for planning funds, ; Pp _ presumably to be used in 60 or 70 cities, Another $900 million would be authorized over a two-year period as the Federd] share for the carrying out of approved demon- stration projects. A total sum of $1,5 billion is provided in the bill. The inadequacy of these funds is likely to be apparent within the first few hours after the legislation is enacted as ‘municipal officials, long plagued/with the problem of mounting needs and declining resources, arrive in Washington with high expectations, As the discussion of this legislation has gone on for many months, all cities have been encouraged to regard themselves as "eligible." Yet, from the testimony in Committee hearings, mayors of only 11 cities estimated their -meeds in terms of a demonstration cities program at over $8 billion, Sf : We can get a glimpse of the same kind of dilemma if we look at what ¢is happen- uy teriay with a Federal program to help cities improve and replace water and sewage Systems, In a recently enacted program to help with this urgent problem in many conmunities , $200 million has been authorized. There are now $2,800 million in — a applications on hand. Even so, the White louse has cut back the $200 million - figure for budgetary -purposes to $100 million. x Throughout this bill, Congress confers immense new powers upon the Secretary of the Department .of Housing and Urbafi Development, Over and over there appear : e phrases such as "s satisfactory to the Secretary," "as the Secretary deems reasonable "if the Secretary determines , "approved by the ‘Secretary "regulated. in a manner re acceptable to (the Secretary), weet ing criteria established by the Secretary, 7, Ott ( 5 : ‘ ‘ ‘ertainly, with such delegations Of authofity, the Federal povernment would ; assume . A : ee te . ; 2 2 ‘ . : 3 oe, a S our mimi cipalities suffer the consequéntes of economie and social blight, thei : @ B tax base is lowered, This new legislation at the outset seeks to "demonstrate" that great new powers ‘over our cities, > - $ cities can look to | Washington to supplement their resources, Both philosophical ly and. practically, there is sound reason to predict that the Federal povernment can- 4) not assume the obligation, It js difficult to seek demonstrations of how adequate income r . : bo ; esources can be found through local and State initiative.* Nevertheless, q pilot programs seeking imaginative. solutions in this direction would be far more productive and progressive, This bill. was passed, although I did nof favor it. All members of the North hersti 1. arolina delegation in the House of. Representatives opposed its passage, 1 From che Office of CongPegsman James T, Broyhill. 1020 House Office Bldg., Wasi.. POR RELEASE: : October 6, 1966 a 7 WASHINGTON REPORT by. Congressman James T, Broyhill THE WAR ON POVERTY After two years and the expenditure of $2.8 billion in the War on Poverty, tue battle is mired down in scandal and misdirection. If it were not for economic _ ornduction stimulated by the shooting war in Viet Nam and a full econory, the “ar On Poverty would be an expensive stalemate, Last week, the long-awaited cebate on the bill to continue the Poverty War for a ‘third year occured, “4 The bill survived a number of bitter attacks and was changed only in seve. °1 nor respects, Even so, the decline in public confidence was olfvions enough if tle debate. It was also eee Stated by the fact that not one of ten North * Carolina Congressnen present when the vote was taken supported the, legislation, We have now come to the point in this. ambitious and vague program when the American people Should have a fuller accounting than they have been given. Ay was authorized by 2 special investi gation of the Poverty Progran, costing $200,000, The results of that investi gdtion are not. eveilabis and pro- the Congress last year, t t bably never will be. ~ oe ~§ Many of us believed in 1964 that the fanfare during the declaratfon of the wr on Poverty’ was a theatrical build-up for legislation which was iil-conceived in te eplential datailé. It also seemed motivated by an unrealistic faith that some- ua ; ; . ow poverty could be overcorie by*the expedient of spending public money generously, Those who did not want any such. program, propelled by little more than high hi.es nc good intentions, ‘were castigated as defenders of poverty. There should be no satisfaction, even by its severest critics, in the fail res a.d bungling that have pone on. Using the program as a reservoir for political pa- tronage, as has occured, in addition to questions of mismanagement, have dampened the hopes of large numbers of poor people who had thought assistance would be forth- coming. With each failure and scandal, we take on an additional problem, While poverty, the original problem, remains with us, the "War on Poverty" goes on scattering its shots in all directions. & BD : Pages ade 88/6/60 | ne of the distressing aspects about the Legislation this year opment of the bill. Hearings before the Education and Labor colibnecs pre a succession of. Admini st rat ion witnesses in support of the proposal. aaa ost critical of the witnesses was’ Sargent Shriver, the Director of the Pro- ~~ pram, who in candor admitted the existence of séribes problens. ‘Over 60 wit who nn to offer constructive criticism based upon actual experience with t program were refused the opportunity to be heard, “In spite of difficulties in assembling information, an alternative bill ¥ offered during the debate, It attempted to take an honést look at the probe poverty, its root causes, the-reasons for the feilures, and the poor adminis Information was drawn from many sources including the experience of a wuabearl cated people working in and out of the Poverty propram to reduce this blight ) securs in the world's most ‘affluent society. : It makes no sense in human or economic terms that welfere costs are 9 ee in these tines of relatively low. unemployment and. increasing f "yen ways are needed to restore self-respect and self-reliance so that. af depend upon itself, the ways should be sought, If young people need job. Core they can meet their responsibi lities, the opportunity should be offeres yong children are unable to grasp the challenge of education because of dep family circumstances, they should be prepared for the school experience. “ The alternative proposal would focus more mneeply on these elements : exisiing program has "done or is Likely to doin ‘the future. “Tt would have a the enphasis on political ‘patronage and wage the war on behalf of the legitim re The substitute measure would have encouraged the cooper needs of the poor, and partnership of the States eather than by-passing them and thereby. cre vpaggor pes _ ‘ rated by the States. "Al titi d confusion with existing programs now ope oan ae ah 8 arate with the exception of the VISTA grams of the Office of Economic Opportunity, iy Action programs, would be transferred to existing Federal Agencies which _ equipped and largely staffed to administer them. In addition, a committee wi appointed in the Congress to investigate and evaluate ay structure and ope the program on a continuing basis, ; These recommendations were rejected by t _ further floundering and scandals may see popu ell follow these concepts. ? Lé he House.of Representatives, He lar pressures cnee reforms th From the Office of Congressman James T. Broyhill, Room 1020 House Office Bldg.,- Was OR RELEASE: Thursday, September 15, 1966. WASH INCTON REPORT by Congressman James T. “royhill TIGHT MONEY ¢ Americans are increasingly. aware of forces which *tanpear major economic crisis for the country. Individual citizen more aspects of this problem in their daily lives. Housewives value of increases in the prices of daily necessities. The. ing. ‘“usinesses have come face to face with the problem & > ° : { 7 tinue their normal operations. Business loans for operatin> capita the mest harder to obtain and are more costly. Certainly, t re economy is the homebuilding industry where funds. for homebui lt whisk norms aa rma ried up. Banks ,and building ane loan institutions which vuilding operations are tightening up on this kind of credit. ed As a result of these developments, Americans are clamorin .) deal with the ominous situation in what is otherwise a period 0! Unfortunately, we. hear much talk today that oversimplifies d the possible solutions. It is perhaps natural that problems as & should lead to political demogogery, In my opinion, the interests aus e require that we strip away this demopogery and look for the root « ; ‘ ‘ ha forr 0 ere O1 blem. Last week, this long smouldering situation broke loose ¢ }me on a bill that would lower interests rates on the Fe eral Deposit Insurance Corporation, (nuer tne a pay interest on any time deposits in, excess of 4 and loan institutions woulgfal so be affected by this le; > miss Certainly, there is né/ argument whatsoever that we climate where interest rates are rélativelv low and loans are and private individuals engaged. in the commerce of Che country UT ine - ,ke this situation into a partisan political squabble legislation did not add light to what should have been an urge discussion, cage 2 = 9/15/66 - As I viewed bis ‘stepoead Labidlation, I sincerely wished that the bill being’ ‘ [fered would solve the problem, Unfortuns.ely, it seemed to me that the arbitrary 1 ceiling on interest rates in one part of our economy would only aggravate what is already a serious situation, I am glad to say chat the bill was not recommended by “he Treasury pepakthent: ‘aor had tt received the backing of the country's financial community. | | The big problem in this effort by the Congress to control iatarest rates is the fact that high interest and rising prices are symptoms of the trouble and not the basic causes of the problem. Clamping down a lid on interest rates for banks and building and loan institutions would almost surely bring about a violent reaction inthe economy as investment funds would flee to higher interest rates being paid for other types of investment. ‘The government itself in its efforts to deal with growing deficit financing nd need for money is largely at fault for what is happening today. Treasury bills, — ‘hich are the highest form of short-term investment are selling at prices which ild investors returns of 5.6%. Today, the government is selling $72 billion worth of sbligetiehe dedet telus that afford investors over 5 1/2%. With the Trea- ‘. ; sury Department entering the country's money markets in such a massive way and com- ting for investment funds, there is little question that more confusion would result .if this bill had been passed. | The handwriting is on the wall that réstricting Federal expenditures must be given more consideration than we have seen heretofor. The government's borrowing of billions of dollars and offering record-high interest rates will force tax in- creases and perhaps broad economic controls which no one wants. In fact, the first of these tax increases were requested by the President last week. In its final action, the House of Reoresentatives rejected this ( inflexible interest-rate ceiling bill and substituted for it a measure which will allow the ‘ederal Reserve Boari and other monetary control agencies greater flexibility in ‘ttempting to deal with this problem, I do not feel that what the House of Represer- tatives has done will be strong corrective action, ‘le are going to have to do much . i.e toward getting the country's financial house in order if we are to avoid greater ;rice increases and competition for funds in the money market of the Nation, e 2 VL res £8 Raseee jz ale : aS on / Pe VIA ae wif Tits Lad >, a CLA bl. Chawrgl Gerd. 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Meg De Lo Lilto., tllud : We se. lt) ta hos fil 7 (br August 9, 1967 i Dear Mr. Swann: — need *: 2 enjoyed the clipping within your-letter of Aug. 3, and it wil! serious doings and thinkings to correct the workd as it is today. I am ‘ \P y ¢ not looking forward to being of much help for I have passed the allotted time and think the younger folks should do the serious thinkinz. Perhaps if their parents had done same of it tere would not be so much rioting, ete, ae ‘ ~The next time I go to Charlotte Library I shall look for "The First . \9 One Hundred Years of Methodism in America’ and read what I can during the a time I can spare there, I doubt if if is in the circulating section. Ne The only items about Bishop Phil B I can find in the biography written by Dr. Horace M. Du Bose are as fbllows: @ adn ipcepsctee The organization of the Church was completed by the writing and adgp- tion of this constitution. The general body being formally convene and having had sundry menorals laid-before it, Bishop Asbury called for "the mind of the Conference" on the all {mportant matter. It was prompt- ly decided that there should be a delegated General Conference and a constitution "to regulate it." Thereupon a committee was ordered, and by the wise foresight of Asbury it was provided to be azpointed equally from the yearly Conference--two from each--fourteen in all. This com- mittee appointed from its members a subcomittee of three--namely , Ezekiel Cooper, Joshua Soule, and Philip-Bruce--to draft a report; in other words, on SS write a constitution, though not even these men realized the full. historie significance of what they did, The sudcomitt@@ met, and it was ' agreed that each member should write a separate report, Cooper and Soule made each a draft; but Bruce made no writing. When the two drafts were submitted, Brace indorsed that. made by Soule, and, with slivht al-— terations, it went from the large committee to the General Conference, As then read it differed but slightly from the instrument which has sub- sisted for more than one hundred years ag the Constitution of Episcopal Methodism in its various families. The second item is when the body of Bishop Asbury was exhumed and reburied eiiewwrt€@ ina grave under the pulpit of Eutaw Street. Chureh, in Baltimore, : On the 9th of May the body arrived under escort of Philip Bruce, Nelson Reed, Freeborn Garrettson, Lewis Myers, and Gorse Pickering. It seems that there spould have been further mention of him in this book as he was in with Bishop Asbury, but according to the index, the above is all I can find without reading the entire book, By the wz Ss this book has the picture of 53ishop with open Bible before him. . Perhaps it 1s the same book you read recently. It was publisxed in] 916, 30 1g quite an old book, My Fatoer boucht it shortly after it cave out. Bishop Asbury's body was exhumed asain tn June 1654 and reburied in Mount Olive Cemetery, Baltimore, wheretthe graves of Robert StRawbridge, and Jesse Lee, as also those of not a few others of Methodism' unforgetten dead, according to Dr. Du Bose, the wo within your tithe a basket of white a half today irprised to ge r Me pected, butt. ana ndk teak babutalt” answering, another. oe hands arcane bs very oe from corn work. I hope this’ will be of value to the lady in Texas. , Best eye ons pee to you and Mre. Swann. oe x ¥ see eS Oe ae Yer Monee J | Mak fat Sut hn Dia ee < Jake aa hel ( . £NE Bh Rita Q Ae ech pt pi. 4 Siphon a. igi : ied at Bat lc te. | pve ay ae At dhe ie ae gin jfel-92 —~ C~ of £5 a a * Lerleny Jobs 7 f) Jdcsi te Dbbé anc ele Lae A Oe. qtser[ an Heol Cer ere Jere fe - Ty i. LL, te. me Ee . tos pa t< Toe a of / G6 a etre ae Pe tk. 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In searching for a record of ancestry, as given in his own hanc, File W. 9366, and brought to the attenti record, to be found in the National Are "My proat | rrandia ather Jirvan was kingdom where he married a wife-and liveg called Mor-an after which he. removed came to manhood who ‘left his father Yet Amerrica where he married a woran by % man by the name of Strode a uolianiet with his:wife untill he had three child in time of a creat persecution flec Amerrica' but himself and wife sickecnce at the end of their voyaze the vessel tan sfnan aenanme were provided for by some of their saipns 7 ” ace the names of those children. were vet Pennsylvania until of leval ajo wl) the Martha Strode Sy whon he hac sev Mary, Samuel, ee a Wiis to a creek cadled Opecon eral of his children were .-roim Yadkin river in; Rowan Count) Where his son Willian, my father, Boone dauchter of Squire Loone ~. plorer and settler of Kentucky. pennsylvania where he .maried war: twelve children, -¢isht- sons anc Samuel, Jonathan, Llizabeth, ve Hannah; with his wife and these County in !lorth Cardlina wher ~aA. 1aTt a "William Bryan with they had ten children nance Elizabeth and Kary, with hi the year 1779 and setiled™: Fayette County where th for zain for the su»port marrice Mary Hunt on the Jonathan Eunt, and Jsao ee ve bor in Carolin é a (sic) jé to oo in the year 1779 children, a FREE. Willian, and ‘Samuel with whom they resi "Luke Bryan the fourth of John Sanders and. Sareh his. wife, Alvhonao Hunt, Sarah S., Mary ~oon John Samuel, Jesse, Joseoh ticXustr Thomas Newton. 2 "Alrhonso, oldest Nathaniel and viarcaret children Luke and Thomas i Cn the eichteen of Auvus County, appeared in oven 4oul of Marion County, indiana, ani United ‘States service in Rowan Goun until about the last of July under Cant. Willian. vavley Sra atiats forty men to be stationed as 1 a ry lieutenant of. the cc A few days after enlistry -at | Pariteh? sclds ford and New Elk Creek nassing rover the Tron down said eae . - niace: called Cumberland Gap e they took borouzh and were Pe eationel S renained there until discha the date of this service about five montis with five other men he ¢ serve in recular amy for In 1779 he. renoved feo: mh and in duly enrolled under as a cuard until Jul oh on an gxpedi tion arainst jth After several ex edith enlisted into the Sta: one year and continued On 18 ‘December 183% unable to avnear in Robert Fatierson of sryan, a pensioner, that they were married 5 ucto Rowan County, i.C.,° that her record of their marria‘e and d itained, but she prays thay t} herewith preens the his Luke Bryan by her said! that her said husbana, Samicl the. 5th dav of Oct. 12° = = ttached was 2 ortion the followins notation had. bec his wife was born .ovenber 2 yyy Aish YJUY YT ial & +m } bad ii rye ons f denier rae el fia ebheva, Pir fey. aye Q eK ; i . ¢ Whey LA Ve eC ae err tetedi Vd 4 yibi dal iP bac! 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(alt * La 0b. 5. aon a pee ae [Pez Mee “25 5~ 2, yas : Leap 14 pez <t een Moka boytt 3/6 Pee, tn ) aS |X ect Vt t nol » b¢ Sridlonb | sth, JC CE 4 Pe etd : cA mn 7 [ Ee pte ep - ke" pe oe eee ls ox, db: ces Spa pat thee so Opts oetonfh,. it da gat Tt hk. 2 ipo ebewaets hea Ca rseng eu taedine i we ee, : fe es an x - idoadl 2. Baga oe ee Ce for. Lr 8 { Eh Def: Mr a p= Oona be CA ye Beay of ltrakl : a “, 4 ELK Cush Bs Bow cil! facf i) fe Aden. Hetil su. a Th. baa ify ae: Thre gh Cocemehirlind afd Ly 7 Oe ek SX Bul, ) to? = a NOTES FROM ST; JAMES’ ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH RECORDS. | Now St. Vincint's, Baltimore, Maryland. ; From notes made by Mr. Joseph Aloysius Webber Rev John Baptist Gildéa, born February 2, 1804, died February 18, 1845, age 41 years and 16 days. Barbara Green, daughter of John and Catherine — was born February 9, 1833. ae Bernard Milloy & Ann Griffin were married July 4, 1834.. Catherine Ann Clarkson, daughter of George Leo and Anna Clarkson was baptised July 30, 1834. Sponsor wes Catherine Curran Thié was the first baptism by Rev. John Baptist Gildes. , James Dunn, son of Michael end Bridget Dunn, baptised September 8, 1834, The Sponsors were Michael and Elizabeth Corbet. Co. James Fisher and Amelia C. Struck were married September 29, 1835, by Rev. J. B Gildea - Moulton F. and Orlando? M. Duhamel were married - September 29, 1836 by. the Rev. Mr. Myers. January 18, 1838 were married by previous license, Hugh McKenna to Mary McClaskey, by Rev. Mr. Schrieber John Huey and Mary Carr weré married March 28, 1842, by Rev. Mr. Dolan. © William B. Brennen? and Eliza Kelley by previous license by Rev. Mr. Lilly, April 9, 1842? Se Augustine Finnagan and Catherine Cassidy by license . January 1843. a | Mark Stanislaus, son of James White Gross and Rachel Haslet was born, August 19, 1843, baptised September 8, 1843. Peter Stanislaus Shreiber, born May 29, 1803, died. September 15, 1845. = NoTES ON D BryAN FAMILY William Bryan married Catherine Lowe. Their children were: —_. ee 1. James Lowe Bryan, b. October 10, 1785, died April 4, or 9, 1861. He m. Sarah Carvil! of Kent Island, She died. April 4? 1857. They had 11 children. i - ‘Bemuel Brvad, | Miss Wright-of Kent Island and had 2 sons, and 1 deughter. . William Bryan m. Annie Larimore, of Pitey Neck, Kent Island, and had 7 childrea> . Robert Bryan m. Julia Maccubbin, of Annapolis and had 8 children. . Wrightson Bryan. 7 ‘e Xv . John S. Bryan m. Mary Phoenix of Kent Island | and had 2 sons and 4 daughtes. . Susan Bryan m. Joseph Howard, a widower, of Stillpond Neck, Kent County, and had 2 children, a son and a daughter. . Sarah Bryan m. lst Mr. Walters, and had 3 children. She m. 2d. James Bailey near Centreville, Md. had a daughter; and a Son Jamies Bailey. . Aone Bryan m. James Embert, of Kent Island, had 2 sons and 3 daughters. A son John Embert of Queenstown, Queen Annes Co. Md. 10. Mary Bryan m. Edmund ‘Carville of Kent Island, and had 3 sons and 3 daughters. \. Bacer ( eyes, en a a Vi s—er ie cons G71 to Sos 1 A Ha. j1<, awe de: Aas 4. LI oe bes. {s co Lh. pF Gade. 4 Fete Nd . Ca. tat ‘tow ‘ RT Bote | Post/War , : Encouragement A Message From a. North Carolinian Who Spent Sixty Years in China To be true, we must admit’ that this pres ent world is the worst one ever recorded by history. It is also the saddest. Many fath- ers’and mothers, many brothers and. sisters, many wives and children and friends are weeping because of messages that announced the loss of loved ones, Some time ago I was in a home when the news. came telling of the death of an affectionate, tine’ and handsome twenty-six year-old: only son. The message came first to the lovely young wife. Only God knows how dangerous and sad the whole world is now. It is a difficult world everywhere and in everything. and every body knows it. But there are blessings and optimism in all the above for. those who love God. -Read Romans 8:28, Do .vou believe this promise? I do and will now prove it. Nearly eighty-five years ago when I was five years old, our, terrible Civil War began and nearly eighty-one years age, when I wasnine years old, it closed. There now, T have told you hew.old I am! Only God knows how terrible those days were beth during the Pwar and aft&sit. We had a hard time and were very unhappy when Lee surrendered to Grant. but new we know if was God's vie- tory. It was the greatest blessing God has ever given to the United States. It freed the Negroes and kept us united and has made our country the richest and happiest. and. most powerful country in the world. God has two wills, what he causes and what he allows. The devil caused the Civil War.and od turned it inte our greatest blessing in’ human things. The Cross is another proof The devil-eru cified Jesus and God® made it our greatest spiritual‘ blessing. Thank God for the only saving. lifting. ‘progressive, prosperous, true salvation. All I have written so far is Post-_, War Optimism. If God makes the bad world a blessing: for his children, how much .more will he make the good world a glorious bless- ing for them! The world is a paradox, It is now the worst world and it is also the best one, God's great fundamental principle is progressive growth. We see it in spiritual life, ‘in hu- man life, in animal life, in vegetable life. He ‘who runs can read it fil around him. In the beginning men walked. then rolled on wheels and now they. fly faster than the eagie—555 miles an hour. The present world on all linés and in all things is a far better. world than the one into which I- was born, I have seen and know what,I am writing. The work on mission fields is also 2 splen- did proof of God's: great progressive and fundamental principle of growth. In one of our China mission fields there were three churches with a hundred - members after - forty years of mission work The: work of athe first missionaries was that of building deep and broad foundations. During my sixty years in China, with the foundations of the language evangelized, good literature and sehoois, many more missioniries and native workers, baptisms have greatty in- creased, Iefore the Japanese war, in our Shanghai ssion ave had 43 churehes and 10,000 mem- mi eenaeenes ret te -_\ Just 11¢ a copy Newsstand Cost $9.45 (35¢ per copy) Regular Subscription Cost $4.15 (15¢ per copy) i. ou Pay Only $2.97 lig per ¢ Dy & INITIAL ABOVE AND MAIL TODAY POSTPAID ENVELOPE ENCLOSED. WE WILL BILL YOU LATER IF YOU Wisy eo . pot. W1hA+ + ia lira thee 4) xe - og “petlec Jat. ad 1cra. 1 Lied Tha Leefara Jeererrs } ot yes Ss 2 yt one t . LA : Wt LOE | 7EZ Prechid Non gon he. Lik. 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